This country store reserves of natural resources ( SDA ), the largest among the countries of the former Soviet Commonwealth of the Commonwealth of Independent States ( CIS ) . Kazakhstan is relatively abundant natural resources such as uranium , copper and zinc . In addition , large farms are able to produce grain and livestock in large numbers .
Kazakhstan economic development success has been recognized with the provision of Investment Grade Credit Rating . Predicate that puts the country that had become a part of the Russian Empire was the first Central Asian country which holds the prestigious title .
Economic stability of Kazakhstan can be seen from a fantastic economic growth ( over 9 percent ) from 2000 to 2007 . Mining industry to support the main engine of growth.
However , the world economic crisis in 2008 forced the government - the capital Astana Kazkahstan - industrialization breakthrough to reduce dependence on oil and gas . This recipe proved to be effectual , because of the economic growth rate in 2010 returned to a level of 9 per cent after two consecutive years corrected .
Fruit in 2012, Kazakhstan enjoys Purchasing Power Parity ( PPP ) of U.S. $ 232.2 billion , or number 53 in the world . As for GDP , Kazakhstan experienced real growth of 5.5 percent and is ranked 49th world . With all the buzz over the state with a population of 17 million people is able to reduce the poverty level of about 5.3 % in 2011 .
One question that arises after listening economic data and political stability in Kazakhstan is who the character behind it . The answer is simple : Abishevich Nursultan Nazarbayev . He is the central figure of a Kazakhstan - Kazakhstan president since independence in 1991 - in two decades detakhir .
As an entity that has a history of nomadic Kazakh nation requires the presence of a charismatic leader type . Nazarbayev has it , maybe even without a competitor in today's era of modern Kazakhstan . He is also not typical Satria Piningit suddenly fell from the sky .
Instead , Nazarbayev condensed experience and worked his way up from the bottom . He is not the Soviet Union opponents of the communist regime , but one of the officials placed in the Soviet Union Communist Party ( PKUS ) . Noted , the man who in his youth was a factory worker once sat as Secretary of the Committee Communist Party Central Kazakhstan (1979-1984) and Prime Minister of Soviet Socialist Republics ( RSS ) Kazakhstan .
There's no hate campaign against the Soviets he was " sold " to gain popular support . Nazarbayev offered instead a gradual transition in the Republic of Kazakhstan with the primary focus of economic development .
sovereign
Because of the strong influence of Nazarbayev , no political group that could oust him from holding office in 1991. Practically , until now Nazarbayev has 22 years of holding power in Kazakhstan . Even when coupled with his position in the state of Kazakhstan during the Soviet era , this calm man has been in power nearly 30 years . Time in power long enough , approaching rule of President Suharto in the New Order era .
Nazarbayev is not without facing political ripples . After a clean sweep of the elections in 1991 and 1995 , Nazarbayev in power again through a referendum . In 2005 , he again won unopposed means . In the 2007 election , the parties supporting Nazarbayev , Nur - Otan Party ( Fatherland ) won an absolute return with 88 percent of the vote in parliament , or the equivalent of an absolute majority of 98 seats .
However , the pressure of opposition groups began to tighten in 2011 . Opponents questioned the lack of a referendum to extend Nazarbayev office until 2020 without elections .
After a lengthy discourse involving a number of groups in Kazakhstan , the Constitutional Court ( MK ) Kazakhstan decided to hold elections in April 2011 . The result , Nazarbayev won 95.5 percent of the vote , although at that time there were four presidential candidates fight .
With the 2011 elections , the international community saw Nazarbayev and consolidating political power in a democratic way . In contrast to a lot of old regimes in a number of areas that enforce the dictatorial and violent power .
However , as strong as Kazakhstan Is that democracy ? It is a matter of political scientists study challenge the world . With the media full of government -controlled television , democratic state title for Kazakhstan apparently still need proof . The indication can be seen from the reluctance of the opposition parties to participate in the election of 2011.
Opposition group composed of Azat Party , party and party Ak - Zhol Rukhaniyat . The three officially registered as a political party in Kazakhstan , but chose not to compete. While there is still a Communist Party and the unregistered Alga party at the local Election Commission .
Reluctance of the opposition is most likely influenced by two competing things . First , the party is too strong proponent of Nazarbayev , making them difficult to collect signatures in support , even for just a minimal support though .
Second , suspicious bureaucratic politics that affect the election results . Although this new analysis , but in many countries are running - including Indonesia 's democratic transition these things often happen .
One more thing that can explain the " political stability " Kazakhstan is a popular adage in politics that the political influence of economic conditions . When a country's economic conditions are relatively well preserved evenly , then politics becomes less attractive to its citizens .
Indonesia under Suharto regime in the period 1980 to the early 1990s shows how politics affects the economy significantly. When the economy is in a state of " safe " , then the correction movement against the regime in the name of whatever difficult to fruition . It also happened in Malaysia now , where economic stability " muzzle " reform movements .
This theory is also applicable in China and the Arabian peninsula was hit by the turmoil in the pack changes the Arab Spring . We wait , whether Kazakhstan economy can survive the depletion of natural resources in the world and global economic uncertainty that led to the crisis in many areas . It was enough to explain the future with all of the predicate Nazarbayev .
Indonesia - Kazakhstan relations
So , what is the importance of Indonesia to Kazakhstan ? And what is the meaning of Kazakhstan to Indonesia ?
Not Nazarbayev 's name if you can not see the wind direction changes . After successfully extend the power through a referendum in 1995 and the 2008 economic crisis , and keeping growth back to a point 9 percent , Kazakhstan big challenge now is to maintain a potential economic downturn due to weakening U.S. and European economies . At this point Nazarbayev see Asia as the future of the world economy .
Then , last year he did a " campaign " to the Indonesian economy . Tujuannga , of course, to encourage the growing number of Indonesian businessmen coming to Astana , Almaty maupuk other cities in Kazakhstan .
Coincidently , because Indonesia is also working to improve enterprise - class firm's order not only to local players . Then President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono ( SBY ) signaled that Indonesia will invest in the field of food , tires and oil . Technically , PT Indofood , PT Pertamina and a national tire company will be the ambassador of Indonesia in Kazakhstan to expand the business .
President Nazarbayev in talks with Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono said investment in Kazakhstan is worth almost Rp 10 trillion as a positive thing . Kazakhstan communities already know the reputation of Indonesia in the instant noodle product , one of them with Indomie brand .
While Pertamina also sought as soon as possible "first class" players offset other areas , especially after state-owned oil and gas is included in the Fortune 500 , alias entry in the world's top 500 companies . Pertamina is ranked 122 , a ranking which is quite prestigious as the company beat Singapore , Wilmar International ( 224 ) and Flextronics International ( 492 ) .
Then be "reasonable " view of President Nursultan Nazarbayev gave a speech to the President extraordinary . Along the streets of Astana city clean protocol , the flag prominently displayed alongside the flag Khazakhstan . In fact , some buildings encased LED system which continuously displays a video of Indonesia and of course the berama Dwi Color .
Nazarbayev is a phenomenon . Length he came to power in an era of democracy with maintaining power without violence . Rowdy democracy in Indonesia as seen in contrast to the meaning of democracy to the people of Kazakhstan . Nazarbayev as reminiscent of Guided Democracy in the era of President Soekarno .
However , he was able to spice it up with economic growth , so that people feel politics is only a small part of life . Simply, politics to the people of Kazakhstan is not the only thing that should be contested in any way . God only knows . ( *** )
* Zainal A Budiyono , Special Staff Assistant to the President and members of the Presidential delegation visit to the Republic of Kazakhstan
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